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AC GENERATORS

The basic components and operation of an AC (Alternating Current) generator are shown here. Its operation applies the principle of electromagnetic induction as previously explained. In this case the moving permanent magnet is the armature and the stationary non-permanent magnet is the stator. In the graph the red curve indicates strength if the field induced by the stator. Note how the induced field strength changes in both magnitude and polarity as the armature magnet rotates. This is illustrated by the changing size of the N and S. The blue curve indicates the output voltage which is proportional to the rate of change of the field strength..continue..

Types of ac generators. The different types of ac generators (alternators), classified according to the method of producing the voltage, are listed below:

Synchronous alternators
         Revolving field
         Revolving armature
Induction alternators
         Stator winding
         Rotor winding
Inductor alternators.continue..

Most of the electrical power used in the industry is ac. As a result, the ac generator is the most important means of producing electrical power. Ac generators, generally called alternators, vary greatly in size depending upon the load to which they supply power. For example, the alternators in use at hydroelectric plants, such as Hoover Dam, are tremendous in size, generating thousands of kilowatts at very high voltage levels. Another example is the alternator in a typical automobile, which is very small by comparison. It weighs only a few pounds and produces between 100 and 200 watts of power, usually at a potential of 12 volts..continue..

An Electrical Generator is a device that produces an Electromotive Force (e.m.f.) by changing the number of Magnetic Flux Lines (Lines of Force), Φ, passing through a Wire Coil. Figure 1 is one type of Generators. When the Coil is rotated between the Poles of the Magnet by cranking the handle, an AC Voltage Waveform is produced..continue..
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